Venture Capital vs Private Equity: What's the Difference?

Understanding the difference between venture capital and private equity is pivotal to devising robust business financing strategies and making informed investment decisions. This foundational knowledge assists in identifying suitable funding avenues and choosing the right investment approach tailored to individual risk appetite and business needs.

This article provides an in-depth exploration of these two significant facets of the financial industry. Key topics include:

• A comprehensive overview of top venture capital and private equity firms, highlighting their investment strategies, successful portfolio companies, and notable acquisitions.
• Detailed explanations of how venture capital and private equity work, offering insights into the processes businesses navigate to secure these types of investments.
• Examination of factors influencing return on investment in both venture capital and private equity, such as market conditions, portfolio diversification, exit opportunities, buyout multiples, and operational improvements.
• Discussions on salary ranges and work culture within venture capital and private equity firms.
• An intriguing discourse on the convergence of investment strategies between private equity and venture capital firms.

By exploring these diverse perspectives, this article aims to enrich your understanding of venture capital vs private equity — empowering you to make strategic decisions that drive success.

Understanding Venture Capital

Venture capital is a crucial part of the financial landscape that drives innovation and growth in emerging industries. Entrepreneurs with groundbreaking ideas often seek funding from venture capital firms to turn their concepts into successful businesses. By understanding how venture capital works, you can navigate the investment landscape more effectively.

Venture Capital Firms to Know About

Here are some top venture capital firms known for their successful investments:

Sequoia Capital

Sequoia Capital is a leading venture capital firm that has invested in companies like Apple, Google, and WhatsApp. They focus on identifying talented entrepreneurs and transformative ideas early on. With a global presence and expertise in various sectors, Sequoia continues to find opportunities for growth.

Andreessen Horowitz

Also known as a16z, Andreessen Horowitz supports startups from their early stages to growth phases. They have invested in companies such as Facebook, Airbnb, and Coinbase. In addition to providing funding, they offer guidance in areas crucial for scaling operations.

Accel Partners

Accel Partners has a history of backing successful companies like Facebook, Spotify, and Slack. They specialize in software and data-driven technology platforms. With their extensive network, they help portfolio companies become market leaders.

These firms have achieved success in venture capital by identifying promising startups and helping them thrive.

How Does Venture Capital Work?

Securing venture capital funding involves several steps:

• Pitching: Startups create compelling pitches to showcase their unique value.
• Due Diligence: Interested investors thoroughly evaluate the startup's potential.
• Investment: If both parties agree, the investors provide funds in exchange for equity.
• Collaboration: Investors work closely with companies to support their growth.

Venture capitalists not only provide funding but also become partners invested in the success of the company. They offer guidance, strategic advice, and access to resources.

Return on Investment in Venture Capital

The return on investment (ROI) in venture capital depends on various factors:

• Market Conditions: Economic factors can impact a startup's growth and ROI.
• Portfolio Diversification: Investors reduce risk by investing in different sectors.
• Exit Opportunities: The strategy for exiting the investment, such as through IPOs or acquisitions, affects the returns.

Investors aim to balance risky ventures with prudent risk management to achieve favorable ROI.

Salary and Culture in Venture Capital

Working in venture capital involves more than just salary; it offers an opportunity to shape industries:

• Salary Ranges: Compensation varies based on job level, with higher positions earning more.
• Work Culture: Venture capital firms often have dynamic environments that value innovation and quick decision-making.

Creating a supportive ecosystem where talent can thrive is crucial in venture capital.

Strategic Venture Debt Financing Solutions

In addition to equity funding, some venture-backed companies may benefit from venture debt financing. This smart choice for rapid scaling provides flexible, low-cost capital while optimizing growth. It can be an excellent complement to traditional equity financing and help companies achieve their expansion goals efficiently.

This section provides insights into venture capital, including top firms, how it works, ROI factors, and the salary and culture within the industry. Whether you're an entrepreneur seeking funding or interested in a career in venture capital, this knowledge is valuable.

How Does Venture Capital Work?

Venture capital is a vital funding source for startups that have the potential for rapid growth. Knowing what venture capital is and how it operates is crucial for entrepreneurs seeking this type of investment.

What is Venture Capital?

Unlike private equity firms that get involved in different stages of a company's life, venture capital firms typically focus on early-stage businesses that are full of new ideas but need significant financial support to bring those ideas to life.

The Role of Venture Capitalists

Venture funds, especially those managed by top venture capital firms, are designed not only to provide money to promising ventures but also to offer strategic guidance and industry connections that can be just as valuable as the funding itself.

The Journey to Securing Venture Funding

Securing venture funding involves several steps:

• Preparation and Pitching: Entrepreneurs must first create a compelling vision and business plan. This includes explaining the product or service, market opportunity, competition, and financial projections. The goal is to convince venture capitalists that there is a great chance of making a lot of money.
• Due Diligence: Interested venture capitalists carefully analyze the startup’s business model, team, market size, and growth prospects. This step is crucial because it lays the groundwork for the investment decision.
• Term Sheet Negotiation: Once a venture capitalist decides to move forward with an investment, they present a term sheet that outlines the terms of the deal, including how much the company is worth, how much ownership the investor will have, voting rights, and other important details.
• Investment: After agreeing on the terms, the venture capital firm provides money in exchange for a share of ownership in the company—usually in multiple rounds as certain goals are met.
• Active Involvement: After investing, venture capitalists play an active role in shaping the company’s path by participating in board meetings and offering strategic advice.
• Exit Strategy: Eventually, both the startup and the venture capitalists look for a way to "cash out"—such as through an IPO or being acquired by another company—which allows the investors to make a profit.

The Difference Between Private Equity and Venture Capital

Here are some key differences between private equity and venture capital:

• Investment Stage: Venture capital focuses on early-stage companies while private equity invests in more mature ones.
• Risk Tolerance: Venture capitalists are willing to take on higher risk because their investments are at an early stage.
• Ownership Percentage: Venture investments usually involve owning a smaller portion of the company, while private equity often aims for majority control.
• Exit Strategy: Venture capital investments may take longer to pay off because the focus is on growth rather than immediate profits.

The Role of Venture Capitalists

The relationship between startups and venture capitalists goes beyond just financial transactions; these professionals become crucial to improving operations, finding talented employees, and expanding businesses that push startups into their next phases of growth.

Venture capitalists also provide mentorship and help with networking:

• They use their extensive industry contacts to connect startups with valuable resources and opportunities.
• Their experience in guiding startups through different stages of growth is helpful in avoiding common mistakes.
• They assist in refining business models and strategies for entering the market to ensure long-term success.

As guardians of investor interests, venture capitalists are invested—both financially and operationally—in guiding companies towards successful outcomes that result in strong returns on investment. Their expertise in recognizing patterns of success within specific industries allows them to build high-potential portfolios where each company benefits from shared knowledge and resources.

The Impact of Venture Capital

When talking about company growth supported by venture capital, there is evidence that shows its significant effect—with many startups going from early-stage ideas to industry leaders with the help of venture funding and advice from experienced investors who offered more than just money but also cultivated an environment that fosters innovation.

Companies like Google and Facebook, for example, owe part of their success to timely investments from venture capitalists who not only provided funds but also nurtured a culture of creativity.

In conclusion, venture capital is not just a way to get money but a system that can propel new businesses towards unprecedented levels of operation and market influence.

Return on Investment in Venture Capital

Venture capital is a high-risk, high-reward investment strategy. The potential for outsized returns attracts investors, yet the level of risk is equally significant. Three main factors can influence the return on investment (ROI) in venture capital: market conditions, portfolio diversification, and exit opportunities.

Market Conditions

The state of the economy and industry-specific trends can greatly affect venture capital performance. For instance, during an economic upswing or boom in a specific sector, startups are more likely to thrive, resulting in higher returns for venture capitalists.

Venture capital firms often invest in industries at the cutting edge of technology, such as biotech, clean tech, and artificial intelligence. These sectors have high growth potential but are also subject to rapid changes and intense competition. Market conditions that favor these industries will likely lead to higher VC returns.

Portfolio Diversification

In managing risk and potentially increasing returns, venture capitalists employ portfolio diversification. This involves investing in a variety of companies across different sectors or stages of development.

By spreading investments across a broad range of companies, VCs can mitigate risk. If one company fails or underperforms, the success of others within the portfolio can offset the loss. A well-diversified portfolio has a better chance of including a 'unicorn' – a startup that reaches a $1 billion valuation – which can significantly boost overall returns.

Sequoia Capital and Andreessen Horowitz, two top venture capital firms, exemplify this strategy with their diverse portfolios spanning multiple sectors and stages.

Exit Opportunities

Venture capitalists ultimately make their money through successful exits. This could be through an Initial Public Offering (IPO), where the company lists shares on a public exchange, or via acquisition by another company.

The timing and type of exit can have a significant impact on VC returns. An IPO might yield a higher return if market conditions are favorable and there's strong investor demand. An acquisition, while potentially quicker, might not offer the same level of return.

However, securing a successful exit can be challenging. Not all companies will reach the IPO stage or attract an acquirer. The inability to exit an investment can limit the venture capitalist's return, no matter how well the startup performs.

In summary, venture capital ROI depends on several variables, including market conditions, portfolio diversification, and exit strategies. The interplay of these factors makes venture investing a complex and high-risk endeavor. Yet for those who navigate these challenges successfully, the rewards can be substantial.

Salary and Culture in Venture Capital

Venture capital firms play a pivotal role in shaping the future of innovative startups, with an emphasis on high-risk, high-reward investments. An integral part of understanding what is venture capital extends beyond the mechanics of venture funding to include the human element — particularly the remuneration and culture that drive these venture capital companies.

Salary Ranges in the Venture Capital Industry

Compensation within top venture capital firms varies widely, influenced by factors such as the individual's experience, the firm's size and success, and the geographic location. Here are the salary ranges for different roles in the industry:

• Analysts & Associates: $80,000 – $150,000 (base salary)
• Vice Presidents & Principals: Higher base salaries with bonuses and profit-sharing
• Partners: Top-tier earnings with additional carried interest benefits

The allure of vc salary is not solely financial; it also includes the opportunity to be at the forefront of technology and innovation while networking with some of the most brilliant minds in various industries.

Venture Capital Work Culture

The culture within venture capital firms is as dynamic as the industries they invest in. At its core is a deep-rooted commitment to fostering innovation and an entrepreneurial spirit. These firms attract individuals who are not only adept at analyzing market trends but who also thrive in environments that require agility and strategic foresight.

Key aspects of this culture include:

• Collaborative Environment: Venture capitalists work closely with founders and their teams, providing guidance and leveraging their networks to propel company growth.
• Meritocratic Approach: Success is often directly tied to one's contributions to the fund's performance. This results in a competitive yet rewarding atmosphere.
• Flexibility: With a focus on results rather than conventional office hours, many venture capital firms offer flexible working conditions.
• Continuous Learning: Due to their involvement with cutting-edge startups across technology sectors like biotech and clean tech, professionals within venture funds are constantly learning about emerging trends and innovations.

In pursuit of transformative outcomes for both investors and portfolio companies alike, venture capital professionals must embody a blend of analytical prowess, resilience in the face of uncertainty, and unwavering belief in disruptive potential.

As much as venture capital work culture values vigorous analysis and strategic acumen, there remains an intrinsic respect for creativity and original thinking. The sector's vitality stems from its people — those willing to take calculated risks for substantial advancements. It is this unique combination of fiscal ambition and intellectual rigor that distinguishes careers within these prestigious institutions.

By delving into these aspects of venture capital — from vc salary frameworks to the defining characteristics of its professional ethos — we gain insight into what drives these high-stakes investment entities.

Understanding Private Equity

Demystifying private equity unveils a realm where astute investors seek to enhance value in established entities. Private equity represents a pivotal component of the investment landscape, characterized by sophisticated strategies and transformative corporate engagements. This section delves into the intricacies of private equity, spotlighting eminent firms and elucidating their approaches to fostering business success.

Private Equity Firms to Know About

Blackstone Group, KKR & Co. Inc., and The Carlyle Group stand as titans within the private equity sphere. With a keen focus on long-term value creation, these top-tier entities have reshaped industries and propelled companies toward unprecedented profitability.

Blackstone Group

A juggernaut in asset management and financial services, Blackstone's portfolio transcends traditional boundaries, embracing sectors from real estate to life sciences. The firm's investment philosophy pivots on deep industry knowledge, global presence, and a commitment to operational excellence. Its acquisition of Hilton Hotels Corporation exemplifies Blackstone's prowess in reinvigorating established brands.

KKR & Co. Inc.

Renowned for its pioneering role in leveraged buyouts, KKR harnesses a holistic approach that integrates capital markets expertise with operational acumen. The firm's diverse investments include landmark transactions such as the buyout of RJR Nabisco. KKR's conviction lies in partnership-driven growth and responsible investment practices.

The Carlyle Group

With an expansive international footprint, Carlyle has carved out a reputation for agility across various investment disciplines. The group's strategy encompasses corporate private equity, real assets, and global credit, with notable acquisitions like that of aerospace giant StandardAero showcasing Carlyle's strategic vision.

Each firm exemplifies robust stewardship over their investments, leveraging insights and resources to steer companies toward optimal performance.

In-Depth Exploration of Investment Strategies and Notable Acquisitions

Private equity funds exemplify a confluence of tactical foresight and industry acumen—a combination that has led to some of the most significant corporate transformations witnessed in modern commerce.

Investment Strategies

Private equity firms engage in meticulous due diligence processes, identifying potential within mature companies ripe for enhancement or turnaround opportunities that promise revitalized growth. Their strategies may involve:

• Injecting capital into undervalued or underperforming businesses
• Optimizing operations
• Steering strategic pivots that tap into emerging market trends

Notable Acquisitions

These firms are known for executing large-scale buyouts with precision. For example, consider Blackstone's strategic purchase of Versace—a move that not only underscored the firm’s insight into luxury brand potential but also its capability to scale businesses in high-growth markets.

Such strategic maneuvers necessitate an environment conducive to innovation and adaptability—traits that are emblematic of successful private equity engagements.

What is Private Equity?

At its core, private equity involves the procurement and nurturing of ownership stakes in entities not listed on public stock exchanges. Investors commit substantial sums to private equity funds with the anticipation of achieving returns that outpace traditional market indices.

Capital Deployment

Funds are allocated towards acquiring significant or controlling interests in target companies.

Value Creation

Post-acquisition efforts center around bolstering profitability through operational enhancements, fiscal re-engineering, or market expansion initiatives.

Exit Strategies

Realizing gains typically eventuates through avenues such as:

• Strategic sales to industry players
• Secondary buyouts by other private equity firms
• Initial public offerings (IPOs)

Efficient finance processes form the backbone of seamless transactions within private equity. A journey from secure data upload to seamless closing, tailored specifically to align with business imperatives—essential for ensuring the expeditious execution of complex deals. Discover Cirrus Capital's streamlined finance processes, designed to drive business success.

Role of Private Equity Companies

Private equity entities serve as catalysts for change within their portfolio companies—often bringing expertise and resources beyond mere

How Does Private Equity Work?

Private equity is a driving force in the financial sector, playing a crucial role in significant business transactions worldwide. In simple terms, private equity refers to investment funds that acquire shares in private companies or gain control over public companies to de-list them, with the goal of eventually selling ownership for a profit.

What are Private Equity Firms?

Private equity firms are investment management companies that provide financial support and make investments in the private equity of operating companies. These firms employ various strategies to add value to their investments and generate high returns. Some well-known private equity firms include:

• Blackstone Group
• KKR & Co. Inc.
• The Carlyle Group

Understanding the Role of Private Equity Firms

Private equity firms play an active role in shaping the future of the businesses they invest in. Besides providing financial backing, they also bring industry knowledge, strategic guidance, and operational expertise to help companies thrive.

Key Characteristics of Private Equity

To grasp how private equity works, it's essential to know its key characteristics:

• Investment Stage: Private equity firms primarily target mature companies with established business models and stable cash flows.
• Risk Tolerance: Compared to venture capital, private equity involves lower risk as it focuses on established businesses rather than startups.
• Ownership Percentage: Private equity firms often aim for majority or full control over the companies they invest in.
• Exit Strategy: Typical exit strategies include selling to another company (trade sale), going public (initial public offering), or selling to another private equity firm (secondary buyout).

How Do Companies Receive Private Equity Investments?

Companies seeking private equity funding typically go through the following stages:

• Deal Origination: Either a company approaches a private equity firm for investment, or a firm identifies a potential investment opportunity.
• Due Diligence: If a firm shows interest, it conducts thorough due diligence to evaluate the company's financial health, business model, management team, market position, and growth potential.
• Deal Structuring: Once due diligence is complete, the private equity firm structures the deal and negotiates favorable terms for both parties.
• Value Creation: After investing, private equity firms actively collaborate with management to enhance operational efficiency and profitability.
• Exit: Typically after 5-7 years, the private equity firm seeks an exit opportunity to sell its stake at a profit.

Role of Private Equity Firms in Company Acquisitions and Restructuring

Private equity firms can play a significant role in company acquisitions and restructuring. They may acquire underperforming companies, restructure their operations, implement strategic changes, and eventually sell them for a profit. This hands-on involvement often leads to improved company performance and increased value upon exit.

By understanding how private equity works, businesses can navigate the investment process more effectively. Its unique characteristics—such as targeting mature companies, lower risk tolerance compared to venture capital, significant ownership stakes, and defined exit strategies—make it a powerful funding option for businesses in need of substantial capital.

Return on Investment in Private Equity

Understanding the potential return on investment (ROI) in private equity is crucial for both investors and business owners. This section delves into the key factors that influence ROI in private equity, including buyout multiples, operational improvements, and exit timing.

Buyout Multiples

Private equity companies typically acquire businesses through leveraged buyouts (LBOs). The buyout multiple - the ratio of a company's purchase price to its EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization) - is a critical factor affecting the ROI.

Investors seek to buy low and sell high. Hence, they aim for lower purchase multiples and higher exit multiples. However, predicting these multiples is a challenging task due to various market uncertainties.

Operational Improvements

Private equity funds are not passive investors. They actively work with management teams to improve operations and drive growth. Operational improvements could involve cost reduction strategies, revenue growth initiatives, or strategic acquisitions. These improvements directly impact the company's profitability and ultimately drive ROI.

For instance, The Carlyle Group, one of the top private equity firms globally, reportedly generated nearly 60% of its exit profits from operational improvements between 2004 and 2013.

Exit Timing

The timing of an exit significantly affects private equity performance. A well-timed exit can generate substantial returns even if the buyout multiple was relatively high at entry or if operational improvements were modest.

However, timing the market perfectly is nearly impossible. Therefore, private equity firms often focus more on creating value through operational improvements rather than relying solely on favorable market conditions for exits.

It's important to note that while these factors significantly influence ROI in private equity, they also contribute to the inherent risk associated with this investment type. The unpredictability of future market conditions and the complex nature of operational improvements can lead to varying degrees of success.

In terms of risk tolerance, private equity is often less risky than venture capital due to its focus on mature, profitable companies. However, it still presents a degree of risk that investors must be comfortable with.

To summarize, the return on investment in private equity is influenced by multiple factors including buyout multiples, operational improvements, and exit timing. Understanding these factors can help investors make informed decisions and maximize their potential returns in the dynamic world of private equity.

Salary and Culture in Private Equity

The realm of private equity offers both financial rewards and a unique work culture. People are attracted to this industry because of the potential for high pay and the chance to make a big impact on companies.

Salary Ranges in the Private Equity Industry

Salaries in private equity can vary based on factors like experience, company size, and location. Here are some typical salary ranges for different roles:

• Analysts: $100,000 - $150,000 per year
• Associates: $150,000 - $300,000 per year
• Vice Presidents: $300,000 - $600,000 per year
• Principals/Partners: Over $600,000 per year

These figures represent base salaries only. Professionals in private equity can also receive bonuses and a share of the profits from successful investments, known as carried interest, which can significantly increase their earnings.

It's worth noting that top private equity firms may offer even higher salaries, especially when performance bonuses are taken into account.

Culture within Private Equity Firms

Private equity firms have a fast-paced and results-oriented environment. People are expected to be proactive in finding ways to improve the companies they invest in through strategies like restructuring or operational changes. This requires a combination of analytical skills and creative problem-solving abilities.

Here are some key aspects of the culture at private equity firms:

• Rigorous Analysis: Potential investments are carefully analyzed to minimize risks.
• Strategic Influence: Close collaboration with company management to drive growth.
• Performance Orientation: Success is rewarded based on individual contributions.
• Collaboration and Mentorship: Despite competition, senior colleagues provide guidance.

Working in private equity can be challenging but also rewarding. Professionals need to thrive under pressure and be skilled at navigating complex deals. Building strong networks is also important for finding investment opportunities and supporting portfolio companies.

Understanding the salary structures and work culture in private equity can help aspiring professionals prepare for success in this field. It's also useful to recognize how private equity differs from venture capital—not just in investment strategies but also in risk tolerance and operational philosophies.

Blurring Lines Between Private Equity and Venture Capital

The investment landscape is witnessing a notable shift as the once-clear boundaries separating private equity (PE) and venture capital (VC) begin to overlap. This evolution marks a significant trend in finance, where the divergent paths of PE and VC are converging, leading to an interchange of investment strategies.

Convergence of Investment Strategies

1. Growth Equity as a Meeting Ground

Growth equity emerges as a hybrid, featuring characteristics of both PE and VC. It targets companies at the expansion stage, which are beyond the initial startup phase yet not fully mature. These investments typically offer minority stakes, aligning with VC's preference for non-controlling interests while adopting PE's penchant for established revenue streams.

2. Venture Debt Instruments

Traditionally associated with VC, venture debt has been increasingly utilized by PE firms. This form of debt financing provides a complementary tool for startups not ready for equity dilution, thus allowing PE investors to enter earlier in a company's lifecycle without immediate equity stakes.

3. Sector Agnosticism

The focus on specific sectors such as technology or healthcare was once the hallmark of VC. However, with digital transformation across all industries, PE firms are now actively pursuing opportunities in these traditionally VC-dominated sectors. This shift reflects an understanding that innovation drives growth irrespective of the company's maturity.

4. Private Equity Firms in Startup Spaces

Notable PE entities are establishing funds dedicated to startup investments. By doing so, they leverage their extensive resources and expertise in operational scaling to nurture early-stage companies, a domain once reserved for VCs.

5. Venture Capitalists Seeking Mature Investments

Conversely, VC firms are expanding their portfolios to include more mature companies. VCs recognize the potential in later-stage investments where they can apply their strategic growth methodologies to accelerate business development.

Strategic Overlaps and Collaborations

Collaborative Investments

Joint ventures between PE and VC firms showcase strategic partnerships that blend the strengths of both worlds—combining the operational acumen of PE with the innovative insight of VC.

Cross-Pollination of Expertise

The exchange of knowledge between these two spheres fosters a richer investment environment. VCs benefit from the operational and market expertise prevalent in PE circles, while PE professionals gain insights into emerging technologies and business models championed by VCs.

Portfolio Diversification

Institutional investors are increasingly seeking diversified portfolios that include both mature company holdings typical of PE and high-growth potential startups characteristic of VC. This demand drives both types of firms to broaden their investment offerings.

Impact on Investment Outcomes

Enhanced Deal Sourcing

As lines blur, both PE and VC firms benefit from expanded networks and deal flow opportunities. Access to a broader range of investment prospects allows for more strategic portfolio construction and potentially higher returns.

Risk Management Perspectives

With this convergence comes a nuanced approach to risk management. Firms incorporate risk assessment techniques from each other's domains to strike an optimal balance between aggressive growth strategies and conservative value creation.

Implications for Industry Evolution

The blurring lines between private equity and venture capital reflect an evolving industry responsive to global economic trends, technological advancements, and investor appetites. As traditional models adapt, new opportunities arise for investors keen on leveraging the combined strengths that this convergence offers.

Conclusion

Deciding between venture capital and private equity is not a question of which is superior. Instead, the choice lies in aligning the financing strategy with the specific needs of a business and the risk tolerance of an investor.

Venture capital embraces the high-risk, high-reward philosophy. It's suited for innovative startups with explosive growth potential but requires patient investors ready to weather potential losses for the promise of industry-shaking success.

On the contrary, private equity thrives on calculated risks. It targets mature companies with steady cash flows, making it an attractive option for investors seeking more predictable returns and businesses looking for operational improvements.

Remember:

• Venture Capital: High risk, high reward, long-term commitment
• Private Equity: Lower risk, stable returns, short-term engagement

As financial landscapes evolve and investment strategies converge in some areas between PE and VC firms, understanding their distinct characteristics remains crucial. Both offer unique benefits and challenges—choose wisely based on business requirements and investor risk appetite.

In essence, both venture capital and private equity play vital roles in driving economic growth and innovation. They fuel entrepreneurial spirit, foster job creation, and ultimately shape industries to deliver products and services that enhance lives worldwide.